Results: We identified 90 AOPS cases (mean age 67.815.2 years, 43.3% female)
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In CC1, significant mean differences between Q4 and Q1 were observed for LC3, LC4, and LC7 at the lipid cluster level (Supplementary Table 4)
First-line interventions include: Dietary modification : Adopting a balanced, calorie-controlled diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean proteins whilst limiting processed foods, saturated fats, and added sugars Regular physical activity : Aiming for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise weekly, which improves insulin sensitivity independent of weight loss Alcohol reduction : Even in NAFLD (non-alcohol-related), minimising alcohol consumption supports liver health Management of comorbidities : Optimising control of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia through appropriate medications For patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD, medications such as pioglitazone (a thiazolidinedione) have shown benefits for liver health in addition to glycaemic control, though this is an off-label use in the UK and carries risks including fluid retention, weight gain and potential heart failure exacerbation
